We report on a 48-year old female patient presenting with a spherical
firm tumour that developed within a period of about three weeks. No ca
usative trauma could be assessed. The tumour was surgically removed an
d turned out to be a leiomyosarcoma of the tongue. Probably the tumour
originated from the vascular smooth muscle cells. Clinically this ver
y rare tumour of the tongue must be differentiated from various benign
and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. Therapeutic considerations and d
ifferential diagnosis are discussed in reviewing the literature.