A 128-PIXEL CMOS IMAGE SENSOR WITH INTEGRATED ANALOG NONVOLATILE MEMORY

A 128-pixel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image senso r array with analog nonvolatile storage for each pixel has been realiz ed in a 1.5-mu m single-poly standard CMOS/EEPROM technology and succe ssfully tested. The integrated nonvolatile memory allows an offset cor rection for each sensor element, cancellation of the fixed pattern noi se, and compensation of the background illumination. The sensor array can also learn a presented pattern and store it in its analog nonvolat ile memory just by ''seeing.'' The stored pattern can be read out dire ctly or, in combination with the optical input, it can be used for pat tern recognition or motion detection. The required programming circuit ry for the analog memory has been integrated on the same chip.