Adult polycystic kidney disease has been found in association with pat
hological dilatation of the seminal vesicles in six patients. These me
n appeared normal on clinical examination, but had azoospermia or seve
re oligozoospermia, They were investigated by scrotal exploration with
vasography, renal and transrectal ultrasound scans (TRUS), and percut
aneous puncture of the seminal vesicles in one case, before and after
resection of the ejaculatory ducts. This revealed that the gross dilat
ation of the seminal vesicles was not caused by obstruction, but appea
red to be due to atonicity (megavesicles). These ultrasonic appearance
s, when described previously, were incorrectly thought to be due to se
minal vesicle cysts.