A generalization of supersymmetric quantum mechanics can be obtained i
n two different ways using the theory of the q-deformation of the osci
llator algebra, according to whether q is a root of unity or not. In t
he first case the fractional supersymmetric quantum mechanic is betwee
n bosons and q-bosons. In the second case we obtain the deformed super
symmetric quantum mechanics by considering bosons and a deformed trunc
ated oscillator algebra.