Ps. Rao et al., RESULTS OF TRANSVENOUS BUTTONED DEVICE OCCLUSION OF PATENT DUCTUS-ARTERIOSUS IN ADULTS, The American journal of cardiology, 82(6), 1998, pp. 827
Examination of the immediate and follow-up results of tranvenous butto
ned device occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus suggests that the met
hod is feasible, safe, and effective irrespective of the size and shap
e of the ductus. Although residual shunts are present, they tend to di
sappear during follow-up, and complete occlusion at the time of implan
tation may be achieved by incorporation of a folding plug over the but
ton loop of the device.