AN OPTICAL, NEAR-INFRARED, AND KINEMATIC STUDY OF 4 EARLY-TYPE RESONANCE RING GALAXIES

We present optical and near-infrared surface photometry of four early- type galaxies considered to have resonance ring phenomena on the basis of morphology. We also present kinematics and rotation curves for thr ee of the galaxies. The four galaxies are exceptional examples of reso nance ring galaxies, and from these observations we derive the charact eristic light distributions, the colors of the rings, and the near-inf rared disk mass-to-light ratios. We also deproject the galaxies to exa mine intrinsic ring shapes and bar/ring alignments. From models of the rotation curves, we compute the Lindblad precession frequencies to ex amine resonance locations in the disks of the galaxies. Under the assu mption that the outer rings and pseudorings seen in these galaxies are linked to the outer Lindblad resonance, we iind that the inner rings of the sample galaxies lie near the inner 4:1 resonance and that the s harp ends of the bars lie on average at only 0.65 times the predicted radius of corotation.