Ll. Heckert et al., MULTIPLE PROMOTER ELEMENTS CONTRIBUTE TO ACTIVITY OF THE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE RECEPTOR (FSHR) GENE IN TESTICULAR SERTOLI CELLS, Molecular endocrinology, 12(10), 1998, pp. 1499-1512
The FSH receptor (FSHR) is expressed only in granulosa cells of the ov
ary and Sertoli cells of the testis, This highly specific pattern of g
ene expression asserts that transcriptional events unique to these two
cell types are responsible for activation of the FSHR gene. We have c
haracterized the promoter elements required for activity of the rat FS
HR gene in a Sertoli cell line MSC-1, primary cultures of rat Sertoli
cells, and two non-Sertoli cell lines. Transient transfection analysis
of deletion and block replacement mutants identified several elements
, both 5' and 3' to the transcriptional start sites, that are essentia
l for full promoter activity in Sertoli cells. These studies confirmed
the use of an important E box element (CACGTG), which had the single
greatest impact on promoter function. Bases within the core CACGTG of
the E box, as well as flanking sequences, were shown to be essential f
or its function. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified both
upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) and USF2 as primary components o
f the complexes binding the E box. Sequence requirements for USF bindi
ng in vitro modestly diverged from the sequence requirements for in vi
vo function of the element. Comparison of the E box binding proteins i
n different cell types revealed that similar proteins bind the E box i
n Sertoli and non-Sertoli cell lines. Extracts from primary cultures o
f rat and mouse Sertoli cells have a second E box-binding complex that
cross-reacts with USF antibodies that is not present in the cell line
s.