OBSERVATIONS OF VACUUM SPARK DYNAMICS FROM ITS X-RAY-EMISSION

The behavior of a medium energy (similar to 1 kJ) pulse-power-driven v acuum spark is shown to depend on the electrode material and form of t he anode in otherwise similar conditions of operation. The dynamical e volution of the discharge is followed from its soft X-ray emission. Th e electrode materials compared are titanium and aluminum with a form o f anode that is tubular or conical. The use of a tubular anode favors a more uniform sheath and a better formation of a dense Z-pinch and th e ensuing hot spots are found to be at least twice as bright. The posi tion of the brightest spots differs according to the material and the electrode shape, and is found to coincide with the shape of the sheath . The energy output is measured and the density of the plasma in the h ot spots may be calculated.