EFFECTS OF ETHANOL AND NITROUS-OXIDE, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION, ON MOOD, PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE AND PAIN REPORTS IN HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS

Ethanol and nitrous oxide (N2O) are sometimes used in combination by r ecreational drug users. The subjective effects of this drug combinatio n have not been examined, and was the basis for the present study. The effects of both drugs were examined alone and in combination. Depende nt measures included mood, cognitive/psychomotor performance, and pain reports. Volunteers (N=11) first consumed a drink containing ethanol (0, 0.25, or 0.5 g/kg), waited for 15 min, and then inhaled 100% oxyge n (placebo) or 30% N2O in oxygen for 35 min. Thirty minutes into the i nhalation, subjects immersed their non-dominant forearm in icy water f or 3 min. Ethanol increased ratings of 'feel drug effect' and 'drunk'. N2O affected several mood ratings, impaired cognitive/psychomotor per formance, and reduced pain reports. There were several instances of et hanol potentiating the effects of N2O, and instances in which the drug combination produced effects that neither drug alone did. Ethanol did not potentiate the analgesic effects of N2O. Overall, the data obtain ed in the study did not convincingly demonstrate that the drug combina tion of N2O and ethanol had a greater abuse liability than did N2O alo ne, at the doses that were tested. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland L td. All rights reserved.