G. Benedek et al., ENHANCED HELIUM-ATOM SCATTERING FROM LONGITUDINAL SURFACE PHONONS IN CU(001), Physical review. B, Condensed matter, 48(7), 1993, pp. 4917-4920
Inelastic helium-atom scattering from Cu(001) shows giant intensities
for the longitudinal-surface-phonon resonance. This effect, most prono
unced in the [100] direction and not visible with electron-energy-loss
spectroscopy, indicates a very large anisotropic deformability of con
duction electrons against the longitudinal modes of surface atoms. Its
size and anisotropy are well accounted for by a pseudo-charge model f
or surface dynamics.