Bacillus popilliae endocarditis with prolonged complete heart block

Bacillus popilliae, a fastidious, aerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bac illus, has never been reported as a pathogen in human infectious diseases. We report the first case of a human infected by the pathogen B. popilliae, which presented as endocarditis involving the bicuspid aortic valve and com plicated with prolonged (> 30 days; to our knowledge, the longest in the li terature) complete heart block, Although surgery may be warranted by previo us reports, the patient was successfully managed by medical treatment inste ad, because of the absence of evidence from various approaches that support the existence of perivalvular extension of infection.