Lm. Greenberg et Id. Waldman, DEVELOPMENTAL NORMATIVE DATA ON THE TEST OF VARIABLES OF ATTENTION (TOVA(S.TM)), Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines, 34(6), 1993, pp. 1019-1030
Developmental normative data for 775 children aged 6-16 are presented
for the Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.(TM)), a 23-minute fix
ed-interval visual Continuous Performance Test with minimal language d
emands and no left-right discrimination. The target is presented on 22
.5 % and 77.5 % of the trials during the first and second halves, resp
ectively, T.O.V.A.(TM) indices include omission and commission errors,
response time means and standard deviations, and anticipatory respons
es. Attention and impulse control developed in a non-linear manner, ch
anging rapidly in early childhood and leveling off during later childh
ood and adolescence.