I discuss how anomalies affect classical symmetries and how, in turn, the n
on-trivial nature of the gauge theory vacuum makes these quantum correction
s troublesome. Although no solution seems in sight for the cosmological con
stant problem, I examine three possible approaches to the strong CP problem
involving vacuum dynamics, an additional chiral symmetry, and the possibil
ity of spontaneous CP or P breaking. All of these "solutions" have their ow
n problems and suggest that, at a deep level, we do not understand the natu
re of CP violation. Nevertheless, it remains extremely important to search
for experimental signals predicted by these theoretical "solutions", like i
nvisible axions.