Pediatric bacterial endocarditis - Treatment and prophylaxis

The incidence of bacterial endocarditis appears to be increasing, due to an increase in the survival of higher-risk infants and children. Although the mortality has decreased, endocarditis remains a significant problem caused by prolonged, difficult treatment. Gram-positive organisms are most common , but gram-negatives are increasing. Prophylaxis in children with congenita l heart disease may decrease the risk with procedures.