J. Ruostekoski et Df. Walls, Measurement scheme for relative phase diffusion between two Bose-Einstein condensates, PHYS REV A, 59(4), 1999, pp. R2571-R2574
We propose a method of measuring diffusion of the relative phase between tw
o Bose-Einstein condensates occupying different nuclear or electronic spin
hyperfine slates coupled by a two-photon magnetic-dipole transition via an
intermediate level. Due to the macroscopic quantum coherence the condensate
s can be decoupled from the electromagnetic fields. The rate of decoherence
and the phase collapse may be determined from the occupation of the interm
ediate level or the absorption of radiation. [S1050-2947(99)50404-6].