IMPROVING LEAPING ABILITY IN ELITE RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to improve the leaping ability of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics, a high leap demanding sport, using a controlled course of jump training. Methods: Six elite athletes und erwent a course of leap training including pool training and Pilates' Method of Body Conditioning using spring controlled resistance to musc ular exertion. Baseline data was obtained on a force plate that measur ed reaction time, leap height, and explosive power on each athlete bef ore initiating training. Results: After 1 month of training, leap heig ht improved 16.2%, ground reaction time improved 50%, and explosive po wer improved 220%. With continued maintenance training, no decrease in effect was noted; however, no significant improvement occurred after the first month of training. At 1 yr with discontinuation of the leapi ng protocol but continued training within the sport, the initial gains were likewise maintained. No injuries occurred during participation i n the leaping protocol. Conclusions: Elite rhythmic gymnasts can safel y improve their leaping ability significantly through an intense cours e of jump training. Continued training with the leaping protocol does not appear to further enhance the benefit; however, the gains appear t o be maintained at 4 months and 1 yr post training with or without add itional training with the leaping protocol.