The diffraction efficiency of volume holographic gratings can depend s
trongly on the state of polarization of the incident light. We have ex
perimentally studied the diffraction properties of highly polarization
-sensitive, volume holographic gratings in the highly modulated regime
formed using DMP-128 photopolymer and have compared data in this regi
me to existing theories. We have found that rigorous coupled-wave theo
ry accurately predicts experimental measurements of the diffraction ef
ficiency in the highly-modulated, polarization-sensitive regime, while
a simpler two-wave theory modified to include form birefringence does
not. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.