Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a recognized complication of both long
bone fractures and intramedullary orthopedic procedures. The usual pre
senting features are respiratory failure, neurologic dysfunction and p
etechiae. In this report, a 25-year-old woman with FES presented with
serious neurologic symptoms and signs in the absence of respiratory dy
sfunction. The diagnosis is essentially a clinical one, but nuclear ma
gnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed distinctive lesions tha
t may help future diagnosis of FES.