A FRAMESHIFT MUTATION AT GLY975 IN THE TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN OF GPIIB PREVENTS GPIIB-IIIA EXPRESSION - ANALYSIS OF 2 NOVEL MUTATIONS IN A KINDRED WITH TYPE-I GLANZMANN THROMBASTHENIA

Two Hispanic siblings presenting with lifelong mucocutaneous bleeding were diagnosed clinically with Glanzmann thrombasthenia on the basis o f a normal platelet count, prolonged bleeding time and absent platelet aggregation in response to multiple agonists. Quantitative analysis o f the probands' platelets by flow cytometry showed a complete absence of GPIIb-IIIa, consistent with Type I thrombasthenia. Genetic analysis showed the probands to be compound heterozygotes for two novel mutati ons of GPIIb: a C1414>G mutation in exon 14, resulting in a premature termination codon replacing residue Tyr440, and the insertion of a G a t position 3016 in exon 29, leading to a frameshift affecting the C-te rminal half of the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. The frameshifted sequence alters residues from Gly975 onwards and is predi cted to significantly alter the hydropathy and charge profiles of the GPIIb, transmembrane domain. The Type I phenotype associated with this mutation suggests that GPIIb residues 975-1008 contain critical struc tural motifs for heterodimer assembly, membrane retention, export from the ER and surface expression.