THE IMPACT OF POLLUTION CONTROLS ON LIVESTOCK-CROP PRODUCERS

A discrete-time, continuous-space model of a livestock-crop producer i s used to examine the long-run effects of phosphorus runoff controls o n optimal livestock production and manure application practices. Quant ity restrictions and taxes,on phosphorus application are shown to redu ce livestock supply and impose greater costs on livestock-crop produce rs than on crop-only producers. Restrictions on manure application, wi thout accompanying restrictions on commercial fertilizer application, will have only a limited effect on phosphorus runoff levels.