Simone Rambaldi, Aureliano in Cisalpina. I riflessi delle invasioni alamanniche nelle testimonianze archeologiche, Ocnus (Bologna) Quaderni della scuola di specializzazione in archeologia , 14, 2006, pp. 207-235
The Alamannic tribes began to descend into northern Italy in 260 A.D., during the reign of Gallienus. However, the most alarming invasion was that of 270-271: at that time. the Alamannian, together with the Iuthungian populations, reached the Adriatic coast, before being defeated by Aurelianus. Little archaeological evidence datable to this period remains. An interesting example is a bath complex in Cesena: its existence was first testified by epigraphic sources, town walls, clear signs of the drama of the times. Nevertheless, detailed historical examination depicts a less catastrophic picture than one would expect at first sight, especially regarding other emergency situations which, at that time were insidiously undermining the empire's unity.