UNIVERSAL 3RD-ORDER OTA-C FILTERS

Eight universal integrator-based OTA-C filters for the realization of third-order transfer functions are presented. Four architectures are b ased on voltage-mode IFLF and LF OTA-C configurations and input distri bution and output summation OTA. networks. The other four are composed of current-mode FLF and LF OTA-C structures and input distribution an d output summation OTA networks. Very simple design formulas are demon strated. These filters can realize arbitrary transmission zeros, conta in only grounded capacitors and have the minimum number of components. They are also insensitive to tolerances and non-idealities of OTAs an d capacitors.