The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty is the first ever nuclear arms-relat
ed-treaty to be genuinely multilaterally negotiated. It is also the fi
rst ever treaty in nuclear-related fields, if and when it enters into
force, which will set up a genuinely international monitoring system t
hat limits national sovereignty on the question of testing, thereby es
tablishing a crucial and vital precedent for the development of intern
ational mechanisms of control and authority. Had India signed the CTBT
in 1996, Pokharan II and very likely the Pakistan tests would not hav
e happened. India signing it now cannot have the same significance. NO
netheless the CTBT is relevant and India's accession to it is still im
portant.