ABNORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN ACUTE SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS ON EMERGENCY ADMISSION - DEHYDRATION, HYPOKALEMIA, LEUKOCYTOSIS AND ELEVATED SERUM MUSCLE ENZYMES

This study investigated varieties and incidence of abnormal physiologi cal conditions in acute schizophrenic patients on emergency. Laborator y data obtained prior to treatment from patients, admitted on an emerg ency basis during an 18-month period, were evaluated retrospectively, as well as demographics and clinical characteristics. Of 259 male acut e schizophrenic patients (ICD-10: F2), 6.9% revealed dehydration, a th ird had hypokalemia and leukocytosis, and two thirds showed elevated s erum muscle enzymes. These percentages were statistically significant compared with those of outpatients. In addition, the former three of t hese conditions in the F2 group were as frequent as those in alcohol a nd/or psychoactive substance abusers (ICD-10: Fl) on emergency admissi on, although elevated serum muscle enzymes in the F2 group was less fr equent than that in the Fl group. In order to prevent these abnormal p hysiological conditions from worsening and becoming life-threatening, one fourth of the F2 group [dehydration, 6.9%, severe hypokalemia (< 3 .0 mEq/l), 2.3%, and markedly elevated serum muscle enzymes (creatine phosphokinase > 1000 IU/l), 16.5%] required medical management such as fluid therapy and various types of monitoring. In cases of a behavior al emergency, laboratory screening and monitoring of urinary output we re essential. Due to their lack of cooperation, case history, physical examination, and initial vital signs did not contribute to detection of their medical condition.