C. Marsh et Jv. Carnahan, COMPARISON OF FAILURE RATES IN CONDUITS FOR UNDERGROUND HEAT DISTRIBUTION, Journal of transportation engineering, 124(6), 1998, pp. 589-593
A survey of existing underground heat distribution systems was conduct
ed to compare the failure characteristics of steel conduits with fiber
glass reinforced plastic conduits. Pressure testing was carried out in
order to set an objective standard for performance. Plastic conduits
were found to have a failure rate 4-5 times as high as steel conduits.
The implications of this for a comparative life-cycle cost analysis a
re very serious.