BIOMECHANICAL TESTING SEQUELAE RELEVANT TO SPINAL-FUSION AND INSTRUMENTATION

The increasing prevalence of spinal disorders and associated treatment s has produced a dramatic increase in the number of available devices. The biomechanical evaluation leading to the design, development, and implementation of spinal instrumentation has resulted in a number of i n vitro and in vivo testing methods. This article reviews some of the methods and associated results obtained by various evaluation techniqu es of spinal fusion hardware. Current work and future considerations a lso are presented.