A new hypothesis is proposed to explain the perennially enlarged breas
ts of human females. The nubility hypothesis proposes that hominid fem
ales evolved protruding breasts because the size and shape of breasts
function as an honest signal of residual reproductive value. Hominid f
emales with greater residual reproductive value were preferred by male
s once reliable cues to ovulation were lost and long-term bonding evol
ved. This adaptation was favored because female-female competition for
investing males increased once hominid males began to provide valuabl
e resources.