Despite the availability of an effective treatment for most cases, tub
erculosis (TB) is still a cause of death in our environment. The necro
psic sections of patients died because of TB during the 1987-1996 peri
od at Hospital Clinico de San Carlos, Madrid, were reviewed. The inves
tigated data from each patient included age, gender, chronology of sug
gestive symptoms of TB, degree of histological involvement, radiologic
al pattern in chest X-ray, delay in initiating therapy, concomitant di
seases and other alternative diagnosed considered. The delay in diagno
sis was the main cause for TB mortality. Advanced age, delay in seekin
g medical care and the presence of atypical clinical and radiological
patterns contributed to the fatal end. Other factors included alcoholi
sm and immunodeficiency.