Long-term records of biotic populations have proven very important to
understanding ecosystem change and its causes. Despite their importanc
e, few such records are available, especially for microscopic organism
s, and most especially for populations in large lake systems. Circumst
ances during the past 30 years allowed development of interpretatively
useful information concerning diatom (Bacillariophyta) populations in
the Great Lakes system. Here the circumstances, both infrastructure a
nd intellectual, which allowed this to take place are reviewed some of
the more important insights gained and the evident problems remaining
.