WOMENS WORK IN URBAN BANGLADESH - IS THERE AN ECONOMIC RATIONALE

The general phenomenon that women in Bangladesh engage less Frequently in market work than men is commonly explained as the lack of response of female labour to economic imperatives due to the overarching influ ence of purdah. However, this emphasis on a cultural rationale for gen der-differentiated work behaviour diverts attention away from the deep -rooted economic inequalities at the societal level. This article exam ines women's work in urban Bangladesh from a female labour supply and demand perspective that is rooted in the socio-economic institutional context. The study finds that, despite the strong gender segregation o f economic roles, women's roles are more flexible and lend themselves to changing household strategies more easily compared to men's. The ev idence indicates that female labour market participation is largely th e outcome of the supply effect shaped by the pattern of gender roles a nd gender-specific access to human capital. Consequently, women are re legated to low-skill market activities and have lower earnings than me n, even without any overt discrimination in labour demand. The covert discrimination that leads women to pursue a different pattern of labou r use than men is the fundamental gender bias of socio-economic instit utions that govern household allocational decisions and dictate gender -specific behaviour.