Inmate-on-inmate crime poses a serious threat to the goals of institut
ional corrections. Research to date on inmate victimization suggests t
hat demographic and background characteristics (such as age and the se
riousness of the offense incarcerated for) am important predictors of
victimization risk during incarceration. Yet, the relative importance
of demographics versus institutional lifestyles for predicting inmate
victimization has never been examined This article presents the result
s of a study designed to test the applicability of lifestyle theory to
an understanding of victimization in correctional institution domains
Results support lifestyle theory as a viable explanation of victimiza
tions involving physical assaults by other inmates as well as those in
volving theft of personal properties. The implications of these result
s are discussed.