This paper is concerned with the factorization and estimation of the u
nitary interactor matrix or the time-delay matrix of multivariable sys
tems. The important properties of the unitary interactor matrix for mi
nimum variance control are discussed. An algorithm for factorization o
f the unitary interactor matrix from the Markov parameters is introduc
ed. A method for direct estimation of the interactor matrix from close
d-loop data is proposed. The proposed algorithm is evaluated by applic
ation to a simulated example, pilot-scale experiment and actual indust
rial data. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.