RADICAL CYSTECTOMY - EXTENDING THE LIMITS OF PELVIC LYMPH-NODE DISSECTION IMPROVES SURVIVAL FOR PATIENTS WITH BLADDER-CANCER CONFINED TO THE BLADDER WALL
Al. Poulsen et al., RADICAL CYSTECTOMY - EXTENDING THE LIMITS OF PELVIC LYMPH-NODE DISSECTION IMPROVES SURVIVAL FOR PATIENTS WITH BLADDER-CANCER CONFINED TO THE BLADDER WALL, The Journal of urology, 160(6), 1998, pp. 2015-2019
Purpose: We assess the influence of the limits of pelvic lymph node di
ssection on survival following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.
Materials and Methods: From January 1990 to September 1997, 194 patien
ts underwent radical cystectomy without prior treatment. Between March
1993 and September 1997, 126 consecutive patients underwent radical c
ystectomy with extended pelvic lymph node dissection beginning at the
bifurcation of the aorta, including the common and external iliac vess
els, presacral nodes and obturator fossa. Between January 1990 and Mar
ch 1993, 68 consecutive patients underwent radical cystectomy, with li
mited pelvic lymph node dissection beginning at the bifurcation of the
common iliac vessels, including the external iliac vessels and obtura
tor fossa. The cystectomy procedure remained unchanged throughout this
period and 1 surgeon performed all procedures. Results: A total of 11
7 patients had tumors confined to the bladder wall (stage pT3a or less
) and 77 had tumors penetrating beyond the bladder into perivesical fa
t or adjacent structures (stage pT3b or greater). The prevalence of pa
tients with tumors penetrating the bladder was higher in the extended
dissection group (42.9 versus 33.8% limited dissection). The incidence
of lymphatic involvement was 26.2% and slightly higher in the extende
d than the limited dissection group. There was a modest improvement in
the Ei-year recurrence-free survival for the extended dissection grou
p (62 versus 56% limited dissection, p = 0.33), and a substantial impr
ovement for the subgroups with tumors confined to the bladder wall (tu
mor stage pT3a or less) (85 versus 64%, p <0.02) and without lymph nod
e metastasis (stage pT3a or less, pN0) (90 versus 71%, p <0.02). Accor
dingly, extended pelvic lymph node dissection reduced the 5-year proba
bilities for pelvic and distant metastasis (2 versus 7% limited dissec
tion, p = 0.17 and 10 versus 21%, p = 0.15, respectively) for patients
with tumors confined to the bladder wall (stage pT3a or less). Surviv
al was similar for patients with pT3b or greater tumor. Conclusions: T
his retrospective analysis suggests that extending the limits of pelvi
c lymph node dissection from the bifurcation of the common iliac vesse
ls to the bifurcation of the aorta improves the recurrence-free surviv
al rate for patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer
confined to the bladder wall (stage pT3a or less).