EFFECT OF PRAZIQUANTEL ON URINARY AND RENAL COMPLICATIONS OF SCHISTOSOMA-HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION

This study shows the effect of praziquanted as a 12 month treatment on the uro-nephrological consequences of Schistosoma haematobium chronic infection. This was done in a hyperendemic setting in the middle west of Madagascar. 435 people with ova in their urine filtration test wer e followed up with clinical examination, ultrasonography, urinary stic ks and creatininemia. The prevalence of macroscopic hematuria decrease d significantly from 32.5% (153 patients) to 4.3% (20 patients) (p < 0 .05). Other abnormalities decreased but not significantly. The prevale nce of proteinuria decreased from 62.3% (271 cases) to 20.2% (88 cases ) (p < 0.05%) when microscopic hematuria varied from 72.4% (315 cases) to 31.5% (271 cases). Leucocyturia remained stable from 49% (213 case s) to 47.8% (207 cases). On ultrasonography, the whole abnormalities v aried from 54.1% (256 patients) to 16.7% (79 patients). Prevalence of bladder abnormalities decreased from 50% (237 cases) to 16.3% (77 case s) (p < 0.05); prevalence of vesico-ureteral reflux decreased from 5.1 % (23 cases) to 0.2% (1 case) (p < 0.05) and that of pyelocaliceal fro m 14.6% (54 cases) to 2.5% (12 cases). The reference drug, praziquante l has a clear-cut effect on this chronic pathology. Bladder wail abnor malities are particularly interested by this favourable effects.