THE HISTORICAL PROCESS OF URBANIZATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION IN MODERN TOKYO - BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIAL-MOBILITY

Most studies of social mobility have not serious attention to the migr ation to the city, in spite of it's importance from the point of view of the rural-urban network. In some fields elf study, however, the mig ration from rural to urban has been a big theme; some studies emphasiz e th: migrants formed the blue-collar workers' class, other studies em phasize they formed the urban white-collar workers' class. Both emphas izes are one-sided and misleading. It is still not obvious about what part of migrants became middle class and what part became working clas s or how different was the social mobility between new arrivals and th e original urban population in the city. This paper aims to clarify th ese problems in the case of Tokyo with quantitative data, focusing on two period; inter and postwar. There were two routes to the city; move for school and move for job. A family's social stratification influen ced which route sons took. During the former period it was not more di fficult for new arrivals to enter the high status employment than the original urban population as the education levels of the two groups we re almost equal and more males from rural backgrounds entered higher e ducation than did those from Tokyo. However, during the latter an educ ational difference existed between the urban and rural workers.