A study is presented of the process gamma p --> XY, where there is a l
arge rapidity gap between the systems X and Y. Measurements are made o
f the differential cross section as a function of the invariant mass M
-x of the system produced at the photon vertex. Results are presented
at centre of mass energies of [W] = 187 G2V and [W] = 231 GeV, both wh
ere the proton dominantly remains intact and, for the first time, wher
e it dissociates. Both the centre of mass energy and the M-x(2) depend
ence of HERA data and those from a fixed target experiment may simulta
neously be described in a triple-Regge model. The low mass photon diss
ociation process is found to be dominated by diffraction, though a siz
able subleading contribution is present at larger masses. The pomeron
intercept is extracted and found to be alpha(p)(0) = 1.068 +/- 0.016 (
stat.) +/- 0.022 (syst.) +/- 0.041 (model), in good agreement with val
ues obtained from total and elastic hadronic and photoproduction cross
sections. The diffractive contribution to the process gamma p --> Xp
with M-x(2)/W-2 < 0.05 is measured to be 22.2 +/- 0.6 (stat.) +/- 2.6
(syst.) +/- 1.7 (model) % of the total gamma p cross section at [W] =
187 GeV.