On the Measurement and Control of Beta Change: Problems with the Bedeian, Armenakis, and Gibson Technique

The evaluation of change in OD panel designs is complicated by the possibility that the respondent might have recalibrated the rating scale (beta change) or reconceptualized the construct (gamma change). Two different techniques now exist that claim to identify and control for these problems when the individual is the unit of analysis: that of Terborg, Howard, and Maxwell and that of Bedeian, Armenakis, and Gibson. Advantages and disadvantages of both techniques are reviewed. It is concluded that serious problems of interpretation can result with the Bedeian, Armenakis, and Gibson technique.