The objective of this review is to summarise current knowledge about t
he structure and function of the peribacteroid membrane from the root
nodules of leguminous plants. The information is presented in terms of
development of this symbiotic membrane from its origin, through proli
feration and in the mature state. There are clear indications that the
peribacteroid membrane has a distinct structure and function at each
developmental stage. The mature peribacteroid membrane has been the mo
st intensively studied. The lipid and protein content of the mature pe
ribacteroid membrane is discussed with particular emphasis on genetic
and functional studies of the proteins. The mechanism and control of p
eribacteroid membrane biogenesis is also discussed. There is evidence
for a specific biogenetic pathway for this membrane which requires bot
h symbiotic partners for its correct functioning.