Lcj. Vandeberg et al., ON THE CALIBRATION OF THE METEOSAT WATER-VAPOR CHANNEL, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 100(D10), 1995, pp. 21069-21076
The calibration of the Meteosat water vapor channel image data is of p
rime importance for a quantitative use. The vicarious calibration tech
nique employs the use of data from radiosonde ascents. A screening tec
hnique, removing spurious radiosonde information, has been improved an
d used operationally since February 4, 1994. It involves new quality c
ontrol checks on satellite zenith angle and the upper tropospheric rel
ative humidity measured by the radiosonde, leading to a lower (about 8
%) and more stable calibration. The operational calibration technique
uses averages for the clear-sky (above 700 hPa) satellite observations
over large areas and relates them to expected radiances at the top of
the atmosphere, determined from radiosonde data. The approach, valid
owing to the small gradients in the water vapor field in such areas, r
estricts the number of usable radiosonde observations severely. An alt
ernative calibration method is outlined, which uses a smaller clear-sk
y area, thus accepting more radiosonde ascents. This method further de
creases the variability of the calibration coefficient by about 20%.