Instantons create a non-local interaction between the quarks, which at
finite baryon density leads to the formation of a scalar diquark cond
ensate and color superconductivity. A mean field approach leads to a s
elf-consistent description of the [(q) over bar q] and [qq] condensate
s and shows the inevitability of a BCS type instability at the Fermi s
urface. The role of the rearrangement of the instanton ensemble for th
e QCD phase transitions is also discussed.