In differential diagnosis of a delir also adverse effects of medicamen
ts have to be taken into account beside other causes. We report a case
of an agitated delir with nocturnal disturbance of consciousness, con
fusion, restlessness and sleeplessness. This delir existed exclusively
during the therapy of a cutaneous herpes tester with zovirax(R)-pills
which can only be explained by a causal connection - after exclusion
of other causes. As a so far undescribed predisposition for neurotoxic
ity of oral therapy with acyclovir signs of vascular encephalopathy we
re found in the patient's cranial magnetic resonance imaging. The cent
ral nervous side effects of acyclovir were summarized shortly.