VACCINATION AGAINST DIARRHEAL DISEASES AND TYPHOID-FEVER - CURRENT SITUATION AND OUTLOOK

Diarrheal diseases and typhoid fever are still common in developing co untries and there is still a search for effective control measures abl e to prevent the epidemics they cause from time to time. There are rec ommended preventive measures based on health education and improvement of sewage and water facilities; however these recommendations given f or many years have not reached the expected results for different reas ons. Antibiotherapy was very effective for many years; unfortunately i ncreasing antibiotic resistance has been reported, particularly in Shi gella and typhoid fever treatment. This explains the re-kindled intere st currently taking place in vaccines development against infections d ue to V. cholerae, Shigella, E.coli ETEC, S. typhi and rotavirus. The new available vaccines are very effective and provide greater protecti on than that given by the old killed injectable vaccines. They paved t he way for development of new candidate vaccines easier to deliver (or al vaccines or one dose parenteral vaccine), which already give promis ing results. some of these candidate vaccines like those related to Sh igella infections are considered as a future promising tool for contro lling diarrhea due to Shigella.