M. Ohno et al., HIGHLY SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF POLYFUNCTIONALIZED CARBOCYCLES AND HETEROCYCLES BASED ON RING EXPANSION OF SQUARIC ACID-DERIVATIVES, Synlett, (11), 1998, pp. 1167
A new method was developed for the derivatization of squaric acid (1)
by the Lewis acid-catalyzed reaction of such acid systems with unsatur
ated organosilanes to give 4-hydroxy-2-cyclobutenones. For the ring ex
pansion of such products, radical- and cation-mediated reactions as we
ll as a thermal reaction were scrutinized and found to produce 2-(5H)-
furanone and 4-cyclopentene-1,3-dione derivatives.