LOCAL SEA-SURFACE WIND, WIND STRESS, AND SENSIBLE AND LATENT-HEAT FLUXES

Parameterization of turbulent wind stress and sensible and latent heat fluxes is reviewed in the context of climate studies and model calcul ations, and specific formulas based on local measurements are recommen ded. Wind speed is of key importance, and in applying experimental res ults, the differences between local and modeled winds must be consider ed in terms of their method of observation or calculation. Climatologi cal wind data based on Beaufort wind force reports require correction for historical trends. Integrated long-term net turbulent and radiativ e heat fluxes at the sea surface, calculated from archived data, are c onsistent with meridional heat transport through oceanographic section s; this lends support to the methods used.