COMPARATIVE NEPHROTOXIC EFFECTS OF CISPLATINUM(II), CIS-PALLADIUM(II), AND CIS-RHODIUM(III) METAL COORDINATION-COMPOUNDS IN RAT KIDNEYS

A Sprague-Dawley rat kidney perfusion technique was used in situ to st udy the effects of cis-dichloro-diamine platinum, PdCl2 (2,6-diaminopy ridine), and RhCl2 (2,6-diaminopyridine) on sodium and calcium retenti on in the whole kidney. The technique involves perfusion of both kidne ys via the abdominal aorta and then through the right and left renal a rteries and dorsal aorta, Compared to controls, kidneys perfused indep endently with the three coordination compounds showed congruent to 45% decrease and congruent to 117% increase in Na+ and Ca2+ retention, re spectively. Perfusates containing the coordination compounds in additi on to 15 mM ouabain showed congruent to 76% decrease in Na+ and insign ificant increase in renal Ca2+ retention, Hence, one can rule out the presence of voltage-gated Ca2+-channels at the basolateral side due to membrane depolarization. These results suggest that the three metal c oordination compounds showed identical nephrotoxic effects on the hand ling of Na+ and Ca2+ ions by inhibiting both the Na+-Ca2+-anti-porter and the Na+-H+-exchanger with laxing effects on nonvoltage-gated Ca2+- channels at the basolateral side. However, their effects on the Na+-K-ATPase and the Na+-Ca2+ symporter was insignificant.