Oregon's low in-hospital death rates: What determines where people die andsatisfaction with decisions on place of death?

Where Americans die is much more influenced by what part of the country the y live in than by what their preferences are for location of death. Althoug h most Americans report a preference for death at home, a majority still di e in acute care hospitals. We describe the experiences of patients who died in Oregon (the state that currently has the lowest in-hospital death rate in the United States-31%) and the views of their families. We examine the f actors influencing respect for dying patients' preferred location of death. Data from Oregon studies confirm that decisions to avoid hospital admission are far more common than discharge of the actively dying. Do-not-resuscita te orders were reported for 91% of nursing home residents in one study and living wills were reported for 67% of a random sample of adult Oregon deced ents in a second study. In the second study, decisions not to start treatme nt were far more common than decisions to stop treatment (79% compared with 21%). Only 2.4% of families reported that "too little" treatment was given . Throughout the United States, use and availability of beds in acute care ho spitals have been confirmed to be the principal determining factors in loca tion of death. Within that constraint, however, the availability of other r esources and services both facilitates the process of arranging for patient s to die outside the hospital and improves satisfaction with the quality of terminal care.