Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for most patients is a terminal complication
of chronic inflammatory and fibrotic liver disease. With regrettably few e
xceptions, treatment is largely palliative, and long-term survival Is rare.
However, the major causes of HCC worldwide are known and preventable. Hepa
titis B and C exist only in man; the viruses have no known non-human reserv
oirs. Transmission of the viruses can be interrupted by vaccination against
hepatitis B virus infection acid improvements in medical techniques for he
patitis C; for which no vaccine has yet been developed.