We report the case of a 63-year-old woman admitted to hospital because of b
ilateral hemothorax associated with acute respiratory failure and laterotra
cheal neoformation. A right thoracoscopy biopsy revealed a paratracheal par
athyroid adenoma which was responsible for bilateral hemothorax a nd primar
y hyperparathyroidism. A curative resection was successfully performed by c
ervicotomy.