A new species, Orthotrichum vittii F. Lara, Garilleti, & Mazimpaka (Orthotr
ichaceae, Bryopsida) is described The new taxon, close to Orthotrichum diap
hanum Brid. and O. macrocephalum F. Lora, Garilleti, & Mazimpaka, is charac
terized by leaf apices with short hyaline awns, leaf areolation firm and no
t bulging, capsules emergent and strongly ribbed, stomata cryptoporous, exo
stome with eight pairs of teeth that are recurved when dry, endostome with
16 thin segments that are incurved and frequently appendiculate, and prosto
me occasionally present. It is distributed throughout Spain, especially in
the eastern halt; and is a xerophytic epiphyte with marked preferences for
mountainous-continental Juniperus thurifera forests.