Ra. Mcclelland et al., Spectroscopic characterization of the initial C8 intermediate in the reaction of the 2-fluorenylnitrenium ion with 2 '-deoxyguanosine, J AM CHEM S, 121(14), 1999, pp. 3303-3310
Irradiation of 2-azidofluorene in an aqueous solution containing 2 '-deoxyg
uanosine (dG) gives good yields of 8-(2-fluorenylamino)dG. This is the C8 a
dduct implicated in the carcinogenicity of 2-aminofluorene, and formed in v
ivo from the reaction of DNA-guanine and an ester of N-hydroxy-2-aminofluor
ene. Flash photolysis of the azide reveals two intermediates on the pathway
that forms this adduct, the 2-fluorenylnitrenium ion, and a subsequent lon
ger-lived species formed in the reaction of this ion with de. A number of p
ieces of evidence identify this later intermediate as the initial Cs adduct
derived from addition of the nitrenium ion to the C8 carbon prior to loss
of the C8 proton. Both spectroscopic and kinetic analyses show that the lat
ter actually exists in both a cationic acid form and a base form, with a pK
(a) for the acid of 3.9. The base form is a tautomer of the final product a
nd is the species present at pH 7. There is also evidence that the reaction
of the nitrenium ion and dG that forms this intermediate proceeds directly
by addition at C8. In other words, the substitution of ArNH+ for H+ at the
C8 position of 2 '-deoxyguanosine is a straightforward electrophilic aroma
tic substitution.